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= What is HWE? =
Hardware Enablement Stacks (HWE) are incorporated into installers for select Ubuntu LTS (Long Term Support) point releases. It is a special Ubuntu feature that provides an LTS release with hardware support introduced in newer Ubuntu releases. For Ubuntu 12.04 the point releases are .2/.3/.4/.5 and the corresponding Ubuntu releases are 12.10/13.04/13.10/14.04.
The HWE path can be obtained in 2 ways:
1. Installing Ubuntu from the media (ISO) for these point releases (where HWE is used by default) 1. Manually installing some packages
End-of-life (EOL) for 12.04, 12.04.1, and 12.04.5 HWE is April 2017 but for the other HWE stacks it is roughly when 14.04.1 is released: Aug 8, 2014.
Further reading:
* https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack (HWE details) * https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Support (Kernel team)
= And why should I care? =
Starting Aug 8, 2014 systems running 12.04.2 HWE, 12.04.3 HWE, or 12.04.4 HWE will no longer receive software updates for the kernel and, if you're running it, the graphics stack.
= How do I know if I'm affected? =
You can:
1. use a tool expressly designed to let you know 1. look at what packages you have installed
Tool
The tool is called 'hwe-support-status
' and it will be available first in the -proposed and then in the -updates repositories:
* precise-proposed (by June 13) * precise-updates (by June 27)
It will become available in package 'update-manager-core
'.
To run:
Get it from Launchpad if you want it earlier:
Notes on this tool:
* Contains the central logic used by other mechanisms/software that have been modified to alert the user of HWE EOL. These are:
1. update-manager (desktop) 1. update-notifier 1. ubuntu-support-status
* On affected systems, it provides command line instructions for machines not running a graphics stack (typically servers). It will refer you to a graphical tool (update-manager) if a graphics stack is detected (typically desktops).
Packages
Check your running kernel version:
* you are affected if it shows a kernel in these series: 3.5 or 3.8 or 3.11 * you are not affected if it shows a kernel in these series: 3.2 or 3.13
This method does not check for a graphics stack HWE. However, you cannot get a HWE graphics stack without a corresponding HWE kernel unless you've done things manually. Note that such a combination (HWE graphics with non-HWE kernel) is not supported.
= What to do if I'm affected? =
You have three options:
1. Install 12.04.5 HWE (Trusty kernel/graphics) 1. Upgrade to 14.04 LTS 1. Fresh install of 14.04 LTS
1. Install 12.04.5 HWE (Trusty kernel/graphics)
The hwe-support-status tool will tell you what you need to do.
2. Upgrade to 14.04 LTS
The hwe-support-status tool will tell you what you need to do.
If you want to upgrade a desktop system to 14.04 before July 16, 2014 (the date at which all necessary software components are in the regular -updates repository) you will need to invoke update-manager from the command line:
For both servers and desktops it's strongly recommended to ensure a system is in a good state before upgrading. Here are some tips:
* Enough free space (2x the size of all installed packages)
* Update all packages
* Run sudo apt-get autoremove
to clean up old packages
* Ensure a reboot works normally (and on dual boot Linux machines, note which operating system controls the bootloader/GRUB)
* Perform a backup of important data
3. Fresh install of 14.04 LTS
Redeploy with a fresh copy of Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.
= FAQ =
* 'I am running 12.04.2 HWE. From August 8, 2014 onwards my system will no longer receive package updates?
'
Not true. Such a system will only stop receiving updates for the kernel and the graphics stack. The rest of the software will continue to get updates.
* 'So if I am running 12.04.3 (as seen from
lsb_release -d) then starting from August 8, 2014 my kernel and graphics stack will no longer receive package updates?
'
Not true. 12.04.3 is not 12.04.3 HWE. And since HWE (and thus a new kernel series) cannot be introduced through regular package updates it is possible to update a non-HWE system to arrive at a later point release, such as 12.04.3, and still preserve the EOL date of April 2017.
* 'What are the pros and cons of those options?
'
HWE Upgrade Only | Full 14.04 Upgrade | Fresh 14.04 Install | |||||
Kernel | 14.04/Trusty version (v3.13) | 14.04/Trusty version (v3.13) | 14.04/Trusty version (v3.13) | ||||
Graphics | 14.04/Trusty Xorg and drivers | 14.04/Trusty Xorg and drivers | 14.04/Trusty Xorg and drivers | ||||
EOL | 12.04/Precise EOL (April 2017) | 14.04/Trusty EOL (April 2019) | 14.04/Trusty EOL (April 2019) | ||||
Applications/Servers | Generally no change«FootNote(It's important to note that changing the Linux kernel/Xorg stack can affect applications. For example the 14.04 kernel can online resize ext4 partitions much faster than the 12.04 kernel can.)» | Newer 14.04 versions will be installed, may need reconfiguring | Require complete installation and configuration | ||||
Time (minutes) «FootNote(These are just estimates and do not include reboot times. Base downtime window length on tests performed in your environment.)» | 2-10 | 30-120 | 30, not including configuration |